北京10KV耐電壓擊穿試驗儀  整機組成：

1、升壓部件：由調壓器和高壓變壓器組成0～50KV的升壓部分。

2、動部件：由步進電機均勻調節調壓器使加給高壓變壓器的電壓變化。

3、檢測部件：由集成電路組成的測量電路。通過信號線把檢測的模擬信號和開關信號傳給計算機。

4、計算機軟件：通過智能電路把由檢測設備采集的測控信號傳給計算機。計算機根據采集的信息控制設備運行并處理試驗結果。

5、試驗電極：根據國家標準(1408.1-2006)隨設備提供三個電極，具體規格為：Ф25mm?25mm兩個；Ф75mm?25mm一個。（訂做除外）

結構原理及性能特點：

        本設備主要由：升壓系統(高壓變壓器)、測量系統、A/D轉換器、放電系統、電極、油箱、電極定位架、計算機數據處理系統、軟件等組成

計算機--A/D轉換器--測量控制系統--調壓裝置--升壓變壓器--試樣

高壓變壓器主要產生試樣所需的直流電壓，

調壓器用于調節升壓變壓器輸入端電壓以產生高壓所需的輸入電壓，

電壓測量主要是從高壓變壓器測量端測量，高壓變壓器測量端和高壓端是線性的，

放電系統在試驗做完以后自動放電，以免產生放電對人身的危害；

北京10KV耐電壓擊穿試驗儀  固體電介質擊穿

導致擊穿的最低臨界電壓稱為擊穿電壓.均勻電場中,擊穿電壓與介質厚度之比稱為擊穿電場強度（簡稱擊穿場強,又稱介電強度）.它反映固體電介質自身的耐電強度.不均勻電場中,擊穿電壓與擊穿處介質厚度之比稱為平均擊穿場強,它低于均勻電場中固體介質的介電強度.固體介質擊穿后,由于有巨大電流通過,介質中會出現熔化或燒焦的通道,或出現裂紋.脆性介質擊穿時,常發生材料的碎裂,可據此破碎非金屬礦石.

固體電介質擊穿有3種形式:電擊穿,熱擊穿和電化學擊穿.

電擊穿是因電場使電介質中積聚起足夠數量和能量的帶電質點而導致電介質失去絕緣性能.熱擊穿是因在電場作用下,電介質內部熱量積累,溫度過高而導致失去絕緣能力.電化學擊穿是在電場,溫度等因素作用下,電介質發生緩慢的化學變化,性能逐漸劣化,最終喪失絕緣能力.固體電介質的化學變化通常使其電導增加,這會使介質的溫度上升,因而電化學擊穿的最終形式是熱擊穿.溫度和電壓作用時間對電擊穿的影響小,對熱擊穿和電化學擊穿的影響大;電場局部不均勻性對熱擊穿的影響小,對其他兩種影響大.

常規型號：

01、BDJC-10KV耐電壓擊穿試驗儀

02、BDJC-30KV耐電壓擊穿試驗儀

03、BDJC-50KV耐電壓擊穿試驗儀

04、BDJC-100KV耐電壓擊穿試驗儀

05、BDJC-150KV耐電壓擊穿試驗儀

介電強度是一種材料作為絕緣體時的電強度的量度.它定義為試樣被擊穿時,單位厚度承受的最大電壓,表示為伏特每單位厚度.物質的介電強度越大,它作為絕緣體的質量越好.

介電強度，是材料抗高電壓而不產生介電擊穿能力的量度，將試樣放置在電極之間，并通過一系列的步驟升高所施加的電壓直到發生介電擊穿，以次測量介電強度。盡管所得的結果是以kv/mm為單位的，但并不表明與試樣的厚度無關。因此，只有在試樣厚度相同的條件下得到各種材料的數據才有可比性。

電極和試樣

金屬電極應始終保持光滑、清潔和無缺陷。

注1：當對薄試樣進行試驗時，電極的維護格外重要。為了在擊穿時盡量減小電極損傷，優先采用不銹鋼電極。

接到電極上的導線即不應使得電極傾斜或其他移動或使得試樣上壓力變化，也不應使得試樣周圍的電場分布受到顯著影響。

注2：試驗非常薄的薄膜（例如：<μm厚)時,這些材料的產品標準應規定所用的電極、操作的具體程序和試樣的制備方法。

適用材料：

主要適用于固體絕緣材料如：電線套管、樹脂和膠、浸漬纖維制品、云母及其制品、塑料薄膜、陶瓷、玻璃、絕緣漆、硫化橡膠、電纜紙、絕緣漆漆膜、硬質橡膠、紙板等絕緣介質在空氣或液體介質中，測量工頻（48~62Hz）或對應直流電壓下擊穿強度和耐電壓時間。適用于連續均勻升壓或逐級升壓的方式，對試樣施加交流/或直流，電壓直至擊穿，測量擊穿電壓值，計算試樣的擊穿強度；用迅速升壓的方法，將電壓升到規定值，保持一定的時間試樣不擊穿，定此時規定值為試樣的耐電壓值。軟件系統操作方便，性能穩定，安全可靠。

閃絡flashover

試樣和電極周圍的氣體或液體媒質承受電應力作用時，其絕緣性能損失，由此引起的試驗回路電流促使相應的回路斷路器動作。

注：碳化通道的出現或穿透試樣的擊穿可用于區分試驗是擊穿還是閃絡。

主要配置:

  1、主機一臺

  2、試驗電極：

  （1）試驗用薄膜電極 ￠25mm兩個，￠75mm一個

  （2）漆包線電極兩個

  （3）管用電極兩個

  3、試驗用油盒兩只

  4、放電棒一只

  5、試驗用軟件一套

  6、計算機一套

  7、打印機一臺

試驗方式：

1、絕緣試樣空氣中擊穿、耐壓試驗或階梯試驗；

2、絕緣試樣浸油中擊穿、耐壓試驗或階梯試驗；

注：根據用戶要求，可定制其他試驗方式。

擊穿場強

在發生擊穿時的電場強度依賴于電介質（絕緣體）的各自的幾何形狀和與該電場被施加在電極上，以及在其中所述增加速率電場被施加。由于電介質材料通常含有微小的缺陷，實際的電介質強度將是理想的無缺陷材料的固有電介質強度的一部分。與相同材料的較厚的樣品相比，介電膜傾向于表現出更高的介電強度。例如，幾百納米至幾微米厚的二氧化硅膜的介電強度大約為0.5GV / m。然而非常薄的層（下面，比方說，100納米）成為由于部分導電電子隧穿。在需要最大的實際介電強度的地方，例如高壓電容器和脈沖變壓器，使用多層薄介電膜。由于氣體的絕緣強度取決于電極的形狀和結構而變化，通常以氮氣的介電強度的一部分來測量

試驗軟件：

1、本儀器在試驗過程中可對升壓擊穿過程繪制實時曲線，每次試驗的升壓曲線都由不同顏色構成，試驗結束后可疊加對比材料的試驗數據重復性。

2、可以隨時調取當前及歷史試驗數據進行查看，編輯及修改參數。

3、試驗過程中可以隨時修改試驗條件及存儲路徑及自動存儲試驗結果。

4、試驗過程中，可隨時通過軟件決定本次試驗是否有效，方便篩選試驗結果。

5、可設置操作口令，做到專機專人操作，避免無關人員誤操作。

結構原理及性能特點：

1、主要由升壓系統、測量系統、A/D轉換器、放電系統、電極、油箱、電極定位架、計算機數據處理系統、軟件等組成；

2、計算機---A/D轉換器---測量控制系統---調壓裝置---升壓變壓器---試樣；

3、高壓變壓器主要產生試樣所需的直流電壓；

4、調壓器用于調節升壓變壓器輸入端電壓以產生高壓所需的輸入電壓；

5、電壓測量主要是從高壓變壓器測量端測量，高壓變壓器測量端和高壓端是線性的；

6、放電系統在試驗做完以后放電，以免產生放電對人身的危害；（當試驗結束后，機器部件仍可能存在殘留的高電壓，此殘留電壓足以對人產生致命的傷害，配備此棒，完好的解決此安全隱患）。

產品特點

1、運行于WIN  XP/WIN7/WIN8系統下的獨立安裝軟件，界面友好，操作簡單

2、實驗顯示曲線，數據自動儲存，自動查找

3、多種用途可以進行交、直流試驗試驗準確、可靠、安全

4、計算機控制試驗過程，自動判斷停止，自動復位

5、超壓、過流、短路、漏電、誤操作等多種保護

Overall composition:

1. Boosting component: The boosting part of 0-50KV is composed of a voltage regulator and a high-voltage transformer.

2. Moving parts: The voltage regulator is uniformly adjusted by a stepper motor to change the voltage applied to the high-voltage transformer.

3. Detection component: a measurement circuit composed of integrated circuits. Send the detected analog signals and switch signals to the computer through signal lines.

4. Computer software: transmits the measurement and control signals collected by the detection equipment to the computer through intelligent circuits. The computer controls the operation of the equipment based on the collected information and processes the test results.

5. Test electrodes: According to the national standard (1408.1-2006), three electrodes are provided with the equipment, with specific specifications as follows:Ф25mm?Two 25mm;Ф75mm?25mm each. (Excluding customization)

Structural principles and performance characteristics:

This equipment mainly consists of: step-up system (high-voltage transformer), measurement system, A/D converter, discharge system, electrodes, oil tank, electrode positioning frame, computer data processing system, software, etc

Computer - A/D converter - Measurement control system - Voltage regulation device - Booster transformer - Sample

The high-voltage transformer mainly generates the DC voltage required for the sample,

The voltage regulator is used to regulate the input voltage of the step-up transformer to generate the input voltage required for high voltage,

Voltage measurement is mainly measured from the measurement end of the high-voltage transformer, and the measurement end and high-voltage end of the high-voltage transformer are linear,

The discharge system automatically discharges after the experiment is completed to avoid the harm of discharge to human health;

Solid dielectric breakdown

The minimum critical voltage that causes breakdown is called breakdown voltage. In a uniform electric field, the ratio of breakdown voltage to dielectric thickness is called breakdown electric field strength (referred to as breakdown electric field strength, also known as dielectric strength). It reflects the dielectric strength of the solid dielectric itself. In an uneven electric field, the ratio of breakdown voltage to dielectric thickness at the breakdown point is called average breakdown electric field strength, which is lower than the dielectric strength of the solid dielectric in a uniform electric field. After the solid dielectric breakdown, Due to the passage of a huge current, channels for melting or burning may appear in the medium, or cracks may appear. When brittle media breakdown occurs, material fragmentation often occurs, which can be used to break non-metallic ores

There are three forms of breakdown in solid dielectrics: electrical breakdown, thermal breakdown, and electrochemical breakdown

Electrical breakdown is caused by the accumulation of a sufficient number and energy of charged particles in the dielectric due to an electric field, resulting in the loss of insulation performance of the dielectric. Thermal breakdown is caused by the accumulation of heat inside the dielectric under the action of an electric field, resulting in the loss of insulation ability due to high temperature. Electrochemical breakdown is caused by the slow chemical change of the dielectric under the action of factors such as electric field and temperature, and the performance gradually deteriorates, The ultimate loss of insulation ability. Chemical changes in solid dielectrics usually increase their conductivity, which causes the temperature of the medium to rise. Therefore, the final form of electrochemical breakdown is thermal breakdown. Temperature and voltage action time have a small impact on electrical breakdown, but a large impact on thermal breakdown and electrochemical breakdown; The local non-uniformity of the electric field has little effect on thermal breakdown, but has a greater impact on the other two

Conventional models:

01. BDJC-10KV withstand voltage breakdown tester

02. BDJC-30KV withstand voltage breakdown tester

03. BDJC-50KV withstand voltage breakdown tester

04. BDJC-100KV withstand voltage breakdown tester

05. BDJC-150KV withstand voltage breakdown tester

Dielectric strength is a measure of the electrical strength of a material as an insulator It is defined as the maximum voltage per unit thickness that a sample can withstand when it is broken down, expressed in volts per unit thickness The higher the dielectric strength of a substance, the better its quality as an insulator

Dielectric strength is a measure of a material's ability to withstand high voltage without generating dielectric breakdown. The sample is placed between electrodes and the applied voltage is increased through a series of steps until dielectric breakdown occurs, in order to measure the dielectric strength. Although the results obtained are in kV/mm units, it does not indicate that they are independent of the thickness of the sample. Therefore, comparability of data for various materials can only be obtained under the condition of the same sample thickness.

Electrodes and specimens

Metal electrodes should always be smooth, clean, and defect free.

Note 1: When testing thin specimens, electrode maintenance is particularly important. In order to minimize electrode damage during breakdown, stainless steel electrodes are preferred.

The wire connected to the electrode should not tilt or move the electrode or cause pressure changes on the sample, nor should it significantly affect the distribution of the electric field around the sample.

Note 2: Test very thin films (e.g.:<μWhen the thickness is m, the product standards for these materials should specify the electrodes used, the specific procedures for operation, and the preparation method for the samples.

Applicable materials:

Mainly suitable for measuring the breakdown strength and withstand voltage time of solid insulation materials such as wire sleeves, resins and adhesives, impregnated fiber products, mica and its products, plastic films, ceramics, glass, insulation paint, vulcanized rubber, cable paper, insulation paint film, hard rubber, cardboard, etc. in air or liquid media at power frequency (48-62Hz) or corresponding DC voltage. Suitable for continuous and uniform boosting or stepwise boosting, apply AC/or DC voltage to the sample until breakdown, measure the breakdown voltage value, and calculate the breakdown strength of the sample; Using a rapid voltage increase method, raise the voltage to the specified value and maintain the sample without breakdown for a certain period of time. The specified value at this time is the withstand voltage value of the sample. The software system is easy to operate, has stable performance, and is safe and reliable.

Flashover

When the gas or liquid medium around the sample and electrode is subjected to electrical stress, its insulation performance is lost, and the resulting test circuit current drives the corresponding circuit breaker to operate.

Note: The appearance of carbonization channels or breakdown through the specimen can be used to distinguish whether the test is breakdown or flashover.

Main configuration:

1. One host

2. Test electrode:

(1) Two thin film electrodes with a diameter of 25mm and one with a diameter of 75mm are used for the experiment

(2) Two enameled wire electrodes

(3) Two utility electrodes

3. Two test oil boxes

4. One discharge rod

5. A set of experimental software

6. A set of computers

7. One printer

Test method:

1. Air breakdown, withstand voltage test or step test for insulation samples;

2. Electrical breakdown, withstand voltage test or step test of insulation samples immersed in oil;

Note: Other testing methods can be customized according to user requirements.

Breakdown field strength

The electric field strength at the time of breakdown depends on the geometric shape of the dielectric (insulator) and the electric field applied to the electrode, as well as the rate of increase in which the electric field is applied. Due to the small defects typically present in dielectric materials, the actual dielectric strength will be a part of the inherent dielectric strength of an ideal defect free material. Compared to thicker samples of the same material, the dielectric film tends to exhibit higher dielectric strength. For example, the dielectric strength of a silica film with a thickness of several hundred nanometers to several micrometers is approximately 0.5GV/m. However, very thin layers (such as 100 nanometers below) become due to partially conductive electron tunneling. In places where the maximum actual dielectric strength is required, such as high-voltage capacitors and pulse transformers, multi-layer thin dielectric films are used. Due to the fact that the insulation strength of a gas depends on the shape and structure of the electrode, it is usually measured as a portion of the dielectric strength of nitrogen gas

Test software:

1. This instrument can draw real-time curves for the voltage breakdown process during the experiment. The voltage rise curve of each experiment is composed of different colors, and after the experiment, the repeatability of the test data of the comparative material can be superimposed.

2. You can access current and historical experimental data at any time for viewing, editing, and modifying parameters.

3. During the experiment, the test conditions and storage path can be modified at any time, and the test results can be automatically stored.

4. During the experiment, the validity of this experiment can be determined at any time through software, making it easier to screen the test results.

5. The operation password can be set to enable dedicated personnel to operate the machine, avoiding accidental operations by unrelated personnel.

Structural principles and performance characteristics:

1. Mainly composed of boosting system, measurement system, A/D converter, discharge system, electrodes, oil tank, electrode positioning frame, computer data processing system, software, etc;

2. Computer - A/D converter - Measurement control system - Voltage regulating device - Booster transformer - Sample;

3. The high-voltage transformer mainly generates the DC voltage required for the sample;

4. The voltage regulator is used to regulate the input voltage of the step-up transformer to generate the input voltage required for high voltage;

5. Voltage measurement is mainly measured from the measurement end of the high-voltage transformer, and the measurement end and high-voltage end of the high-voltage transformer are linear;

6. The discharge system should be discharged after the test is completed to avoid any harm to human health caused by discharge; (After the experiment is completed, there may still be residual high voltage in the machine components, which is sufficient to cause fatal injury to humans. Equipping this rod effectively solves this safety hazard.).

Product features

1. An independent installation software running on the WIN XP/WIN7/WIN8 system, with a user-friendly interface and simple operation

2. Experimental display curve, automatic data storage, automatic search

3. Multiple uses can be used for accurate, reliable, and safe AC and DC testing

4. Computer controlled experimental process, automatic judgment stop, automatic reset

5. Multiple protections such as overvoltage, overcurrent, short circuit, leakage, and misoperation